East Liberty Presbyterian Church: The Cathedral of Hope
116 S. Highland Ave.
Pittsburgh, PA 15206
412/441-3800

 

 


About Us

Pipes of Glory

About the Organ
"The SWELL Organ"

Part 2 in the series about ELPC’s Aeolian-Skinner Pipe Organ.
by the Rev. Dr. J. Richard Szeremany,
Worship Music & The Arts Director


In this, the second of an on-going series of brief articles in which we attempt to explain the various tonal divisions of the Sanctuary organ and their musical function, we will devote our writing to the largest division in number of pipes as well as tonal contrasts. It is known as the SWELL organ. Its name comes from the fact that historically it was the first of the several divisions of the organ that was mechanically equipped to create expression (soft to loud and back to soft with all the gradations of dynamics in between.)
 
An organ pipe can produce only one pitch and one dynamic level of sound. How then can the organist control the volume of an individual stop or sound? By having that one stop or all the stops or sounds of a division under expression. And how is that expression obtained? By building a large, sturdy wooden box—often the size of a small room—around the many pipes of a particular division. On the front side of that box are fitted large (sometimes 6 to 8 feet) wooden swell shades about 3 inches thick and approximately 10 to 12 inches wide. These shades function like Venetian blinds opening and closing gradually or quickly to emit or to reduce the sound being created inside the swell box. The movement of the swell shades is at the control of the organ performer who operates the swell pedal with a foot. There is an electrical connection between the swell pedal operated by the organist and the pneumatic mechanism which opens and closes the “Venetian blinds.”

In power and brilliance, the SWELL organ houses the dramatic trumpet-like sounds of the organ at a variety of pitches with the longest pipes beginning at 16 feet. The SWELL division also includes what are called mixture ranks—compound sounding stops of both unison and quint or off-unison sounds which add both brilliance as well as nobility to the sounds. The SWELL organ at ELPC also contains a variety of beautiful string-toned pipes which are used in accompanying choir and soloists. Included among the sounds of this division are many flute-like sounds also at a variety of pitches from 16 feet to 2 feet in length at the lowest pitch. It is here that the wonderful sound of the Vox Humana is housed.

Like the tonal resources of the GREAT Organ (see article), the SWELL organ also has its backbone sounds of diapasons or principals at many different pitches binding the entire division together tonally and lending strong support to the congregation in its singing of worship music. Because of the dramatic effects the SWELL organ is capable of producing, it is usually placed high up in the organ chamber so that its sounds of loveliness as well as of brilliance and commanding power can ride over the top of the entire organ and engage the listener emotionally and spiritually in its “voice of the Spirit.”

Next article in the series -- Part 3: "The SOLO and ANTIPHONAL Organs"


For more information about the Pipes of Glory project, contact:

The Rev. Dr. J. Richard Szeremany
Director of Worship, Music & The Arts
email: jrichard
(please add the extension "@coh.net" to the email address)
412/441-3800

Norma Meyer
Administrative Assistant for Worship, Music & The Arts
email: normam
(please add the extension "@coh.net" to the email address)
412/441-3800

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and sexual identity to become one in Christ."

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updated 2006-08-10